67.7 Homocysteine

67.7.1 Global tests

Type III ANOVA on main and interaction effects, and LM model summaries.

Prolactin

	Chisq	Df	Pr(>Chisq)
(Intercept)	250.7924480	1	<0.0001	***
Study	3.2136720	1	0.07	ns
f39_gdm_new	0.5754347	1	0.4	ns
BMI	3.3368238	1	0.07	ns
Ethnicity_cauc	105.4219556	1	<0.0001	***
f10c_any_cig_1st_vst	49.1590682	1	<0.0001	***
GA_samp	164.6323095	1	<0.0001	***
Study:f39_gdm_new	1.8652579	1	0.2	ns

HPL

	Chisq	Df	Pr(>Chisq)
(Intercept)	150.8759535	1	<0.0001	***
Study	7.3986291	1	0.007	**
f39_gdm_new	0.4357432	1	0.5	ns
BMI	236.2094019	1	<0.0001	***
Ethnicity_cauc	5.5165373	1	0.02	*
f10c_any_cig_1st_vst	0.9176455	1	0.3	ns
GA_samp	2601.9722143	1	<0.0001	***
Study:f39_gdm_new	1.4845286	1	0.2	ns

GH2

	Chisq	Df	Pr(>Chisq)
(Intercept)	251.096669	1	<0.0001	***
Study	1.107622	1	0.3	ns
f39_gdm_new	1.386104	1	0.2	ns
BMI	87.622496	1	<0.0001	***
Ethnicity_cauc	3.246832	1	0.07	ns
f10c_any_cig_1st_vst	1.039153	1	0.3	ns
GA_samp	1032.266869	1	<0.0001	***
Study:f39_gdm_new	3.376951	1	0.07	ns

Insulin

	model term	df1	df2	F.ratio	Chisq	p.value
1	Study	1	Inf	21.326	21.326	<0.0001	***
3	f39_gdm_new	1	Inf	33.726	33.726	<0.0001	***
4	BMI	1	Inf	330.722	330.722	<0.0001	***
5	Ethnicity_cauc	1	Inf	25.046	25.046	<0.0001	***
6	f10c_any_cig_1st_vst	1	Inf	3.158	3.158	0.08	ns
7	GA_samp	1	Inf	2.506	2.506	0.1	ns
2	Study:f39_gdm_new	1	Inf	4.089	4.089	0.04	*

HOMA.IR

	model term	df1	df2	F.ratio	Chisq	p.value
1	Study	1	Inf	36.051	36.051	<0.0001	***
3	f39_gdm_new	1	Inf	32.027	32.027	<0.0001	***
4	BMI	1	Inf	316.807	316.807	<0.0001	***
5	Ethnicity_cauc	1	Inf	24.882	24.882	<0.0001	***
6	f10c_any_cig_1st_vst	1	Inf	2.618	2.618	0.1	ns
7	GA_samp	1	Inf	1.602	1.602	0.2	ns
2	Study:f39_gdm_new	1	Inf	4.361	4.361	0.04	*

GLUC3_mmol.L

	model term	df1	df2	F.ratio	Chisq	p.value
1	Study	1	Inf	53.182	53.182	<0.0001	***
3	f39_gdm_new	1	Inf	4.345	4.345	0.04	*
4	BMI	1	Inf	11.449	11.449	0.0007	***
5	Ethnicity_cauc	1	Inf	0.718	0.718	0.4	ns
6	f10c_any_cig_1st_vst	1	Inf	0.028	0.028	0.9	ns
7	GA_samp	1	Inf	0.278	0.278	0.6	ns
2	Study:f39_gdm_new	1	Inf	1.558	1.558	0.2	ns

67.7.2 Model summary

Ratio of Geometric means (95% CI)

Prolactin

Var	Effect	P
(Intercept)	3.11 (2.71, 3.51)	<0.0001
Homocysteine	-0.06 (-0.10, -0.02)	0.002
f39_gdm_newGDM	-0.12 (-0.55, 0.30)	0.57
StudySTOP	0.01 (-0.25, 0.26)	0.95
GA_samp	0.13 (0.11, 0.16)	<0.0001
Homocysteine:f39_gdm_newGDM	0.00 (-0.09, 0.09)	0.97
f39_gdm_newGDM:StudySTOP	0.17 (-0.06, 0.40)	0.15
Homocysteine:StudySTOP	-0.01 (-0.06, 0.04)	0.79

HPL

Var	Effect	P
(Intercept)	0.68 (0.47, 0.89)	<0.0001
Homocysteine	-0.00 (-0.02, 0.02)	0.80
f39_gdm_newGDM	0.20 (-0.02, 0.43)	0.08
StudySTOP	0.14 (0.00, 0.28)	0.05
GA_samp	0.29 (0.28, 0.30)	<0.0001
Homocysteine:f39_gdm_newGDM	-0.07 (-0.12, -0.02)	0.006
f39_gdm_newGDM:StudySTOP	0.12 (-0.00, 0.24)	0.05
Homocysteine:StudySTOP	-0.01 (-0.04, 0.02)	0.47

GH2

Var	Effect	P
(Intercept)	-2.55 (-2.83, -2.26)	<0.0001
Homocysteine	-0.01 (-0.04, 0.01)	0.34
f39_gdm_newGDM	0.01 (-0.31, 0.33)	0.95
StudySTOP	-0.11 (-0.30, 0.08)	0.25
GA_samp	0.26 (0.25, 0.28)	<0.0001
Homocysteine:f39_gdm_newGDM	-0.04 (-0.11, 0.03)	0.23
f39_gdm_newGDM:StudySTOP	0.21 (0.04, 0.38)	0.02
Homocysteine:StudySTOP	0.02 (-0.02, 0.06)	0.31

Insulin

Var	Effect	P
(Intercept)	2.89 (2.35, 3.42)	<0.0001
Homocysteine	-0.09 (-0.15, -0.03)	0.003
f39_gdm_newGDM	2.65 (1.49, 3.81)	<0.0001
StudySTOP	-0.50 (-0.87, -0.12)	0.009
GA_samp	0.01 (-0.01, 0.04)	0.34
Homocysteine:f39_gdm_newGDM	-0.46 (-0.73, -0.19)	0.0009
f39_gdm_newGDM:StudySTOP	-1.67 (-3.07, -0.27)	0.02
Homocysteine:StudySTOP	0.05 (-0.02, 0.13)	0.16
Homocysteine:f39_gdm_newGDM:StudySTOP	0.36 (0.05, 0.68)	0.02

HOMA.IR

Var	Effect	P
(Intercept)	1.53 (0.97, 2.09)	<0.0001
Homocysteine	-0.10 (-0.16, -0.03)	0.004
f39_gdm_newGDM	3.15 (1.87, 4.42)	<0.0001
StudySTOP	-0.68 (-1.08, -0.29)	0.0008
GA_samp	0.01 (-0.02, 0.04)	0.48
Homocysteine:f39_gdm_newGDM	-0.56 (-0.86, -0.26)	0.0003
f39_gdm_newGDM:StudySTOP	-2.09 (-3.61, -0.57)	0.007
Homocysteine:StudySTOP	0.06 (-0.02, 0.14)	0.13
Homocysteine:f39_gdm_newGDM:StudySTOP	0.45 (0.11, 0.80)	0.01

GLUC3_mmol.L

Var	Effect	P
(Intercept)	1.78 (1.67, 1.88)	<0.0001
Homocysteine	-0.01 (-0.02, -0.00)	0.04
f39_gdm_newGDM	0.28 (0.07, 0.49)	0.01
StudySTOP	-0.21 (-0.29, -0.13)	<0.0001
GA_samp	-0.00 (-0.01, 0.00)	0.44
Homocysteine:f39_gdm_newGDM	-0.04 (-0.08, -0.01)	0.02
f39_gdm_newGDM:StudySTOP	-0.04 (-0.14, 0.05)	0.38
Homocysteine:StudySTOP	0.01 (-0.00, 0.03)	0.11

67.7.3 Estimated means

Estimated marginal means (or adjusted means) adjusted for GA at sampling.

Results are averaged over the levels of Homocysteine concentration (μM) and may be misleading when interaction term is involved.

Prolactin

Study	f39_gdm_new	response	SE	df	lower.CL	upper.CL
SCOPE	non-GDM	96.93739	7.296174	88.95225	83.47194	112.5750
STOP	non-GDM	94.42804	6.740419	72.19629	81.90403	108.8671
SCOPE	GDM	86.29793	11.316786	644.05049	66.70630	111.6436
STOP	GDM	99.58158	8.611586	151.48308	83.94141	118.1359

HPL

Study	f39_gdm_new	response	SE	df	lower.CL	upper.CL
SCOPE	non-GDM	89.75740	2.434609	165.1749	85.07688	94.69541
STOP	non-GDM	98.35183	2.403120	110.6971	93.70319	103.23109
SCOPE	GDM	77.80345	4.626732	1028.3059	69.23423	87.43330
STOP	GDM	95.78898	3.472769	422.3345	89.20045	102.86414

GH2

Study	f39_gdm_new	response	SE	df	lower.CL	upper.CL
SCOPE	non-GDM	2.335576	0.0685072	407.4216	2.204714	2.474207
STOP	non-GDM	2.305160	0.0560001	242.9305	2.197450	2.418150
SCOPE	GDM	1.911626	0.1586259	1590.5707	1.624489	2.249516
STOP	GDM	2.335396	0.1003974	778.5315	2.146401	2.541033

Insulin

Study	f39_gdm_new	response	SE	df	asymp.LCL	asymp.UCL
SCOPE	non-GDM	13.76166	0.7009121	Inf	12.45424	15.20633
STOP	non-GDM	10.99489	0.4119179	Inf	10.21647	11.83261
SCOPE	GDM	19.43257	3.5314927	Inf	13.60946	27.74723
STOP	GDM	17.87600	1.3720792	Inf	15.37928	20.77804

HOMA.IR

Study	f39_gdm_new	response	SE	df	asymp.LCL	asymp.UCL
SCOPE	non-GDM	3.323180	0.1801687	Inf	2.988170	3.695749
STOP	non-GDM	2.290423	0.0903586	Inf	2.119997	2.474549
SCOPE	GDM	4.672579	0.9614765	Inf	3.121799	6.993722
STOP	GDM	3.846700	0.3156904	Inf	3.275156	4.517983

GLUC3_mmol.L

Study	f39_gdm_new	response	SE	df	asymp.LCL	asymp.UCL
SCOPE	non-GDM	5.404288	0.0507698	Inf	5.305692	5.504717
STOP	non-GDM	4.704599	0.0347705	Inf	4.636941	4.773244
SCOPE	GDM	5.784732	0.2594083	Inf	5.298004	6.316176
STOP	GDM	4.818902	0.0617816	Inf	4.699321	4.941526

67.7.4 Comparisons

67.7.4.1 Within Groups

Effect for every 1 unit increase in Homocysteine concentration (μM).

Hormone	Contrast	Study	f39_gdm_new	Ratio of Geometric means (95% CI)	P-value
Prolactin	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	non-GDM	0.943 (0.908, 0.979)	0.002
Prolactin	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	non-GDM	0.936 (0.904, 0.969)	0.0002
Prolactin	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	GDM	0.944 (0.858, 1.040)	0.2
Prolactin	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	GDM	0.938 (0.860, 1.022)	0.1
HPL	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	non-GDM	0.997 (0.977, 1.018)	0.8
HPL	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	non-GDM	0.987 (0.968, 1.006)	0.2
HPL	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	GDM	0.930 (0.883, 0.980)	0.007
HPL	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	GDM	0.921 (0.878, 0.965)	0.0006
GH2	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	non-GDM	0.987 (0.959, 1.015)	0.3
GH2	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	non-GDM	1.006 (0.980, 1.033)	0.7
GH2	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	GDM	0.946 (0.880, 1.017)	0.1
GH2	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	GDM	0.964 (0.904, 1.029)	0.3
Insulin	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	non-GDM	0.913 (0.860, 0.970)	0.003
Insulin	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	non-GDM	0.964 (0.922, 1.009)	0.1
Insulin	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	GDM	0.576 (0.441, 0.751)	<0.0001
Insulin	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	GDM	0.874 (0.750, 1.018)	0.08
HOMA.IR	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	non-GDM	0.909 (0.852, 0.969)	0.004
HOMA.IR	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	non-GDM	0.968 (0.922, 1.015)	0.2
HOMA.IR	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	GDM	0.519 (0.386, 0.697)	<0.0001
HOMA.IR	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	GDM	0.869 (0.739, 1.022)	0.09
GLUC3_mmol.L	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	non-GDM	0.989 (0.979, 0.999)	0.04
GLUC3_mmol.L	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	non-GDM	1.002 (0.991, 1.014)	0.7
GLUC3_mmol.L	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	SCOPE	GDM	0.949 (0.913, 0.986)	0.008
GLUC3_mmol.L	Homocysteine5.5 / Homocysteine4.5	STOP	GDM	0.962 (0.932, 0.992)	0.01

67.7.4.2 Between Groups

Below are comparisons of the differences in the change in Homocysteine concentration (μM) between groups. I.e. whether the change in Homocysteine concentration (μM) are different between groups.

Prolactin

contrast	ratio	SE	df	lower.CL	upper.CL	p.value
SCOPE/SCOPE (Overall)	0.9861581	0.0511233	2091.497	0.8908283	1.091689	0.788	ns
STOP/SCOPE (non-GDM)	0.9930549	0.0257404	2091.497	0.9438370	1.044839	0.788	ns
STOP/SCOPE (GDM)	0.9930549	0.0257404	2091.497	0.9438370	1.044839	0.788	ns
GDM/non-GDM (SCOPE)	1.0016420	0.0462236	2092.797	0.9149739	1.096520	0.972	ns
GDM/non-GDM (STOP)	1.0016420	0.0462236	2092.797	0.9149739	1.096520	0.972	ns

HPL

contrast	ratio	SE	df	lower.CL	upper.CL	p.value
SCOPE/SCOPE (Overall)	0.9797390	0.0278321	2083.436	0.9266499	1.0358696	0.471	ns
STOP/SCOPE (non-GDM)	0.9898177	0.0140592	2083.436	0.9626266	1.0177768	0.471	ns
STOP/SCOPE (GDM)	0.9898177	0.0140592	2083.436	0.9626266	1.0177768	0.471	ns
GDM/non-GDM (SCOPE)	0.9327881	0.0235558	2057.435	0.8877176	0.9801468	0.006	**
GDM/non-GDM (STOP)	0.9327881	0.0235558	2057.435	0.8877176	0.9801468	0.006	**

GH2

contrast	ratio	SE	df	lower.CL	upper.CL	p.value
SCOPE/SCOPE (Overall)	1.0397700	0.0403462	2148.401	0.9635837	1.121980	0.315	ns
STOP/SCOPE (non-GDM)	1.0196911	0.0197836	2148.401	0.9816230	1.059235	0.315	ns
STOP/SCOPE (GDM)	1.0196911	0.0197836	2148.401	0.9816230	1.059235	0.315	ns
GDM/non-GDM (SCOPE)	0.9587366	0.0333350	2148.890	0.8955433	1.026389	0.226	ns
GDM/non-GDM (STOP)	0.9587366	0.0333350	2148.890	0.8955433	1.026389	0.226	ns

Insulin

contrast	ratio	SE	df	asymp.LCL	asymp.UCL	p.value
SCOPE/SCOPE (Overall)	1.6020617	0.2577237	Inf	1.1688167	2.1958974	0.003	**
STOP/SCOPE (non-GDM)	1.0560852	0.0405808	Inf	0.9794696	1.1386939	0.156	ns
STOP/SCOPE (GDM)	1.5169814	0.2371161	Inf	1.1166852	2.0607710	0.008	**
GDM/non-GDM (SCOPE)	0.6306635	0.0877335	Inf	0.4801584	0.8283442	0.0009	***
GDM/non-GDM (STOP)	0.9058973	0.0734865	Inf	0.7727329	1.0620098	0.223	ns

HOMA.IR

contrast	ratio	SE	df	asymp.LCL	asymp.UCL	p.value
SCOPE/SCOPE (Overall)	1.7829760	0.3143551	Inf	1.2620333	2.5189536	0.001	**
STOP/SCOPE (non-GDM)	1.0645212	0.0438052	Inf	0.9820356	1.1539351	0.129	ns
STOP/SCOPE (GDM)	1.6749089	0.2871760	Inf	1.1968677	2.3438847	0.003	**
GDM/non-GDM (SCOPE)	0.5707085	0.0878613	Inf	0.4220566	0.7717168	0.0003	***
GDM/non-GDM (STOP)	0.8979480	0.0772057	Inf	0.7586907	1.0627661	0.211	ns

GLUC3_mmol.L

contrast	ratio	SE	df	asymp.LCL	asymp.UCL	p.value
SCOPE/SCOPE (Overall)	1.0274009	0.0171900	Inf	0.9942555	1.0616512	0.106	ns
STOP/SCOPE (non-GDM)	1.0136079	0.0084796	Inf	0.9971236	1.0303646	0.106	ns
STOP/SCOPE (GDM)	1.0136079	0.0084796	Inf	0.9971236	1.0303646	0.106	ns
GDM/non-GDM (SCOPE)	0.9593689	0.0171755	Inf	0.9262892	0.9936299	0.021	*
GDM/non-GDM (STOP)	0.9593689	0.0171755	Inf	0.9262892	0.9936299	0.021	*

67.7.5 Diagnostics

Model diagnositcs.

Diagnositcs for PRL (ng/ml)

Diagnositcs for hPL (μg/ml)

Diagnositcs for GH2 (ng/ml)

Diagnositcs for Insulin (uU/ml)

Diagnositcs for HOMA-IR

Diagnositcs for Glucose (mmol/L)

67.7.6 Plots